Plasma TVs will soon be extinct. In its place are two competing technologies: LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diode). What are they, and how do they compare?
Technology
Despite sounding like two completely different technologies, both LCD TVs and LED TVs share the same basic design. Namely, they both use LCD panels to display the picture. Where the two technologies differ is in the backlight. A backlight shines light through the LCD panel much like a projector shines light through a slide. Without the backlight, the LCD panel would not be visible. A TV labeled an LCD TV will have a CFL (Compact Florescent) backlight, while the LED TV relies on a LED backlight.
How Backlights Work
There are two different methods for backlighting the LCD panel. The first and more common method is edge lighting. In this setup, a light source that is located at the edge of the TV and is shined inward. Then a lens is used to even out the brightness of the light across the entire LCD panel. CFL backlighting uses this technique exclusively, while LED cheaper LED backlit TVs rely on this technology, too. The other backlighting technique is a full panel backlight. While these consume more power, they have one feature that edge lit TVs don’t: local dimming. With an edge lit TV, when the image that your TV is displaying is dark, the LCD panel blacks out the dark spots. But it can never fully blot out the backlight, which is why the blacks never look truly black. Local dimming solves this problem by turning off the backlight behind the black pixels.
Comparison
So how do the two technologies compare? Well, CFL LCD TVs are much cheaper. LEDs are expensive to produce. Also, LCD TVs are much thinner and lighter than full panel LED TVs. If having a cheap yet sleek looking TV is more important than the image quality, then go with a LCD. CFL backlighting is also produced in more dimensions than LED backlights, so there is more variety in size with a LCD TV.
But LEDs have two major advantages: longevity and a better contrast ratio. LEDs are solid state. There is no gas to excite, no coils to heat up. So LEDs last a long time. This is the primary advantage that edge lit LED backlights have over their LCD TV counterparts. The backlight on the LED TV will last longer. The other major advantage LED TVs have is local dimming. When you can completely turn off the backlight, your blacks will always be darker than when you can’t.
There is no obvious winner in the LED vs. LCD TVs comparison. LCD TVs will be cheaper for the foreseeable future, but LED technology consumes less power and lasts longer. Plus LED backlights can dim behind dark sections of the screen. Beyond blacks, both TVs produce similar images because they both use LCD panels. So the decision comes down to whether you care more about the price of true blacks.


